From 8d78c70dae3307de88738b54b4836f1ac86099bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Guillume DIDIER <guillaume.didier@inria.fr>
Date: Mon, 20 Sep 2021 14:45:40 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Rust Update, clean up MMappedMemory

Ensure the code compiles with the latest rust nightly version, and fixes some unsafety in MMappedMemory
---
 .idea/inspectionProfiles/Project_Default.xml  |  8 +++
 basic_timing_cache_channel/src/lib.rs         |  2 +-
 cache_utils/src/bin/cache_info.rs             |  2 +
 cache_utils/src/bin/frequency_test.rs         |  2 +
 cache_utils/src/bin/l3.rs                     |  4 +-
 .../src/bin/sleep_freq_test_flush_only.rs     |  2 +
 .../src/bin/sleep_freq_test_reload_only.rs    |  2 +
 cache_utils/src/bin/two_thread_cal.rs         | 24 ++++----
 cache_utils/src/calibrate_2t.rs               |  5 +-
 cache_utils/src/calibration.rs                | 60 +++++++++----------
 cache_utils/src/lib.rs                        | 13 ++--
 cache_utils/src/main.rs                       |  2 +-
 cache_utils/src/mmap.rs                       | 56 ++++++++++++++---
 covert_channels_evaluation/src/lib.rs         |  5 +-
 prefetcher_reverse/src/lib.rs                 |  9 +--
 15 files changed, 124 insertions(+), 72 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 .idea/inspectionProfiles/Project_Default.xml

diff --git a/.idea/inspectionProfiles/Project_Default.xml b/.idea/inspectionProfiles/Project_Default.xml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d67e119
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.idea/inspectionProfiles/Project_Default.xml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<component name="InspectionProjectProfileManager">
+  <profile version="1.0">
+    <option name="myName" value="Project Default" />
+    <inspection_tool class="ClangTidy" enabled="true" level="WARNING" enabled_by_default="true">
+      <option name="clangTidyChecks" value="-*,bugprone-argument-comment,bugprone-assert-side-effect,bugprone-bad-signal-to-kill-thread,bugprone-branch-clone,bugprone-copy-constructor-init,bugprone-dangling-handle,bugprone-dynamic-static-initializers,bugprone-fold-init-type,bugprone-forward-declaration-namespace,bugprone-forwarding-reference-overload,bugprone-inaccurate-erase,bugprone-incorrect-roundings,bugprone-integer-division,bugprone-lambda-function-name,bugprone-macro-parentheses,bugprone-macro-repeated-side-effects,bugprone-misplaced-operator-in-strlen-in-alloc,bugprone-misplaced-pointer-arithmetic-in-alloc,bugprone-misplaced-widening-cast,bugprone-move-forwarding-reference,bugprone-multiple-statement-macro,bugprone-no-escape,bugprone-not-null-terminated-result,bugprone-parent-virtual-call,bugprone-posix-return,bugprone-reserved-identifier,bugprone-sizeof-container,bugprone-sizeof-expression,bugprone-spuriously-wake-up-functions,bugprone-string-constructor,bugprone-string-integer-assignment,bugprone-string-literal-with-embedded-nul,bugprone-suspicious-enum-usage,bugprone-suspicious-include,bugprone-suspicious-memset-usage,bugprone-suspicious-missing-comma,bugprone-suspicious-semicolon,bugprone-suspicious-string-compare,bugprone-swapped-arguments,bugprone-terminating-continue,bugprone-throw-keyword-missing,bugprone-too-small-loop-variable,bugprone-undefined-memory-manipulation,bugprone-undelegated-constructor,bugprone-unhandled-self-assignment,bugprone-unused-raii,bugprone-unused-return-value,bugprone-use-after-move,bugprone-virtual-near-miss,cert-dcl21-cpp,cert-dcl58-cpp,cert-err34-c,cert-err52-cpp,cert-err58-cpp,cert-err60-cpp,cert-flp30-c,cert-msc50-cpp,cert-msc51-cpp,cert-str34-c,cppcoreguidelines-interfaces-global-init,cppcoreguidelines-narrowing-conversions,cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-member-init,cppcoreguidelines-pro-type-static-cast-downcast,cppcoreguidelines-slicing,google-default-arguments,google-explicit-constructor,google-runtime-operator,hicpp-exception-baseclass,hicpp-multiway-paths-covered,misc-misplaced-const,misc-new-delete-overloads,misc-no-recursion,misc-non-copyable-objects,misc-throw-by-value-catch-by-reference,misc-unconventional-assign-operator,misc-uniqueptr-reset-release,modernize-avoid-bind,modernize-concat-nested-namespaces,modernize-deprecated-headers,modernize-deprecated-ios-base-aliases,modernize-loop-convert,modernize-make-shared,modernize-make-unique,modernize-pass-by-value,modernize-raw-string-literal,modernize-redundant-void-arg,modernize-replace-auto-ptr,modernize-replace-disallow-copy-and-assign-macro,modernize-replace-random-shuffle,modernize-return-braced-init-list,modernize-shrink-to-fit,modernize-unary-static-assert,modernize-use-auto,modernize-use-bool-literals,modernize-use-emplace,modernize-use-equals-default,modernize-use-equals-delete,modernize-use-nodiscard,modernize-use-noexcept,modernize-use-nullptr,modernize-use-override,modernize-use-transparent-functors,modernize-use-uncaught-exceptions,mpi-buffer-deref,mpi-type-mismatch,openmp-use-default-none,performance-faster-string-find,performance-for-range-copy,performance-implicit-conversion-in-loop,performance-inefficient-algorithm,performance-inefficient-string-concatenation,performance-inefficient-vector-operation,performance-move-const-arg,performance-move-constructor-init,performance-no-automatic-move,performance-noexcept-move-constructor,performance-trivially-destructible,performance-type-promotion-in-math-fn,performance-unnecessary-copy-initialization,performance-unnecessary-value-param,portability-simd-intrinsics,readability-avoid-const-params-in-decls,readability-const-return-type,readability-container-size-empty,readability-convert-member-functions-to-static,readability-delete-null-pointer,readability-deleted-default,readability-inconsistent-declaration-parameter-name,readability-make-member-function-const,readability-misleading-indentation,readability-misplaced-array-index,readability-non-const-parameter,readability-redundant-control-flow,readability-redundant-declaration,readability-redundant-function-ptr-dereference,readability-redundant-smartptr-get,readability-redundant-string-cstr,readability-redundant-string-init,readability-simplify-subscript-expr,readability-static-accessed-through-instance,readability-static-definition-in-anonymous-namespace,readability-string-compare,readability-uniqueptr-delete-release,readability-use-anyofallof,bugprone-implicit-widening-of-multiplication-result,bugprone-unhandled-exception-at-new,concurrency-thread-canceltype-asynchronous" />
+    </inspection_tool>
+  </profile>
+</component>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/basic_timing_cache_channel/src/lib.rs b/basic_timing_cache_channel/src/lib.rs
index 594cf0d..9fb0425 100644
--- a/basic_timing_cache_channel/src/lib.rs
+++ b/basic_timing_cache_channel/src/lib.rs
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ impl<T: TimingChannelPrimitives> TopologyAwareTimingChannel<T> {
     pub fn new_with_core_pairs(
         core_pairs: impl Iterator<Item = (usize, usize)> + Clone,
     ) -> Result<(Self, usize, usize), TopologyAwareError> {
-        let m = MMappedMemory::new(PAGE_LEN, false);
+        let m = MMappedMemory::new(PAGE_LEN, false, |i| i as u8);
         let array: &[u8] = m.slice();
 
         let t = Default::default();
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/bin/cache_info.rs b/cache_utils/src/bin/cache_info.rs
index cd230ec..0692ace 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/bin/cache_info.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/bin/cache_info.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#![deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
+
 use cache_utils::cache_info::get_cache_info;
 use cache_utils::complex_addressing::cache_slicing;
 use cpuid::MicroArchitecture;
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/bin/frequency_test.rs b/cache_utils/src/bin/frequency_test.rs
index 5ad7653..8cf347e 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/bin/frequency_test.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/bin/frequency_test.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#![deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
+
 use cache_utils::frequency::get_freq_cpufreq_kernel;
 use cache_utils::rdtsc_fence;
 use libc::sched_getcpu;
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/bin/l3.rs b/cache_utils/src/bin/l3.rs
index d643dfd..b9311d3 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/bin/l3.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/bin/l3.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+#![deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
+
 use cache_utils::flush;
 use cache_utils::mmap::MMappedMemory;
 
 pub fn main() {
-    let m = MMappedMemory::new(2 << 20, true);
+    let m = MMappedMemory::new(2 << 20, true, |i| i as u8);
     let array = m.slice();
     loop {
         unsafe {
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/bin/sleep_freq_test_flush_only.rs b/cache_utils/src/bin/sleep_freq_test_flush_only.rs
index 68e8f59..37e903c 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/bin/sleep_freq_test_flush_only.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/bin/sleep_freq_test_flush_only.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#![deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
+
 use cache_utils::calibration::only_flush;
 use cache_utils::frequency::get_freq_cpufreq_kernel;
 use cache_utils::rdtsc_fence;
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/bin/sleep_freq_test_reload_only.rs b/cache_utils/src/bin/sleep_freq_test_reload_only.rs
index a7dee0a..0517a14 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/bin/sleep_freq_test_reload_only.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/bin/sleep_freq_test_reload_only.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#![deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
+
 use cache_utils::calibration::only_reload;
 use cache_utils::frequency::get_freq_cpufreq_kernel;
 use cache_utils::rdtsc_fence;
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/bin/two_thread_cal.rs b/cache_utils/src/bin/two_thread_cal.rs
index 281e78a..52e5aa1 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/bin/two_thread_cal.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/bin/two_thread_cal.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+#![deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
+
 use cache_utils::calibration::{
     accumulate, calibrate_fixed_freq_2_thread, calibration_result_to_ASVP, flush_and_reload,
     get_cache_slicing, load_and_flush, map_values, only_flush, only_reload, reduce,
@@ -18,15 +20,17 @@ use std::process::Command;
 use std::str::from_utf8;
 
 unsafe fn multiple_access(p: *const u8) {
-    maccess::<u8>(p);
-    maccess::<u8>(p);
-    arch_x86::_mm_mfence();
-    maccess::<u8>(p);
-    arch_x86::_mm_mfence();
-    maccess::<u8>(p);
-    arch_x86::_mm_mfence();
-    maccess::<u8>(p);
-    maccess::<u8>(p);
+    unsafe {
+        maccess::<u8>(p);
+        maccess::<u8>(p);
+        arch_x86::_mm_mfence();
+        maccess::<u8>(p);
+        arch_x86::_mm_mfence();
+        maccess::<u8>(p);
+        arch_x86::_mm_mfence();
+        maccess::<u8>(p);
+        maccess::<u8>(p);
+    }
 }
 
 const SIZE: usize = 2 << 20;
@@ -105,7 +109,7 @@ fn main() {
 
     println!("Number of cores per socket: {}", core_per_socket);
 
-    let m = MMappedMemory::new(SIZE, true);
+    let m = MMappedMemory::new(SIZE, true, |i: usize| i as u8);
     let array = m.slice();
 
     let cache_line_size = 64;
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/calibrate_2t.rs b/cache_utils/src/calibrate_2t.rs
index 9778052..4537f77 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/calibrate_2t.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/calibrate_2t.rs
@@ -10,10 +10,9 @@ use nix::unistd::Pid;
 use nix::Error;
 use std::cmp::min;
 use std::ptr::null_mut;
-//use std::sync::atomic::Ordering;
-use std::mem::forget;
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 use std::thread;
+use std::vec::Vec;
 use turn_lock::TurnHandle;
 
 pub struct CalibrateOperation2T<'a, T> {
@@ -111,7 +110,7 @@ fn calibrate_fixed_freq_2_thread_impl<I: Iterator<Item = (usize, usize)>, T>(
         },
     );
 
-    let mut helper_turn_handle = Arc::new(Mutex::new(turn_handles.pop().unwrap()));
+    let helper_turn_handle = Arc::new(Mutex::new(turn_handles.pop().unwrap()));
     let mut main_turn_handle = turn_handles.pop().unwrap();
 
     let mut params = main_turn_handle.wait();
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/calibration.rs b/cache_utils/src/calibration.rs
index f6b41c4..3331a72 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/calibration.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/calibration.rs
@@ -9,17 +9,6 @@ use core::arch::x86_64 as arch_x86;
 #[cfg(feature = "no_std")]
 use polling_serial::{serial_print as print, serial_println as println};
 
-#[cfg(feature = "use_std")]
-use nix::unistd::Pid;
-//#[cfg(feature = "use_std")]
-//use nix::Error::Sys;
-#[cfg(feature = "use_std")]
-use nix::Error;
-#[cfg(feature = "use_std")]
-use std::sync::Arc;
-#[cfg(feature = "use_std")]
-use std::thread;
-
 #[cfg(feature = "use_std")]
 pub use crate::calibrate_2t::*;
 
@@ -28,11 +17,8 @@ use crate::calibration::Verbosity::*;
 use alloc::vec;
 use alloc::vec::Vec;
 use core::cmp::min;
-use core::ptr::null_mut;
-use core::sync::atomic::{spin_loop_hint, AtomicBool, AtomicPtr, Ordering};
 use itertools::Itertools;
 
-use atomic::Atomic;
 use core::hash::Hash;
 use core::ops::{Add, AddAssign};
 #[cfg(feature = "no_std")]
@@ -71,44 +57,52 @@ impl CalibrationOptions {
 }
 
 pub unsafe fn only_reload(p: *const u8) -> u64 {
-    let t = rdtsc_fence();
-    maccess(p);
-    rdtsc_fence() - t
+    let t = unsafe { rdtsc_fence() };
+    unsafe { maccess(p) };
+    (unsafe { rdtsc_fence() } - t)
 }
 
 pub unsafe fn flush_and_reload(p: *const u8) -> u64 {
-    flush(p);
-    only_reload(p)
+    unsafe {
+        flush(p);
+        only_reload(p)
+    }
 }
 
 pub unsafe fn reload_and_flush(p: *const u8) -> u64 {
-    let r = only_reload(p);
-    flush(p);
+    let r = unsafe { only_reload(p) };
+    unsafe { flush(p) };
     r
 }
 
 pub unsafe fn only_flush(p: *const u8) -> u64 {
-    let t = rdtsc_fence();
-    flush(p);
-    rdtsc_fence() - t
+    let t = unsafe { rdtsc_fence() };
+    unsafe { flush(p) };
+    (unsafe { rdtsc_fence() } - t)
 }
 
 pub unsafe fn load_and_flush(p: *const u8) -> u64 {
-    maccess(p);
-    only_flush(p)
+    unsafe {
+        maccess(p);
+        only_flush(p)
+    }
 }
 
 pub unsafe fn flush_and_flush(p: *const u8) -> u64 {
-    flush(p);
-    only_flush(p)
+    unsafe {
+        flush(p);
+        only_flush(p)
+    }
 }
 
 pub unsafe fn l3_and_reload(p: *const u8) -> u64 {
-    flush(p);
-    arch_x86::_mm_mfence();
-    arch_x86::_mm_prefetch(p as *const i8, arch_x86::_MM_HINT_T2);
-    arch_x86::__cpuid_count(0, 0);
-    only_reload(p)
+    unsafe {
+        flush(p);
+        arch_x86::_mm_mfence();
+        arch_x86::_mm_prefetch::<{ arch_x86::_MM_HINT_T2 }>(p as *const i8);
+        arch_x86::__cpuid_count(0, 0);
+        only_reload(p)
+    }
 }
 
 pub const PAGE_SHIFT: usize = 12;
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/lib.rs b/cache_utils/src/lib.rs
index de5e86f..8ec4180 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/lib.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #![cfg_attr(feature = "no_std", no_std)]
 #![feature(ptr_internals)]
 #![allow(clippy::missing_safety_doc)]
+#![deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
 
 use static_assertions::assert_cfg;
 
@@ -29,23 +30,23 @@ use core::ptr;
 
 // rdtsc no fence
 pub unsafe fn rdtsc_nofence() -> u64 {
-    arch_x86::_rdtsc()
+    unsafe { arch_x86::_rdtsc() }
 }
 // rdtsc (has mfence before and after)
 pub unsafe fn rdtsc_fence() -> u64 {
-    arch_x86::_mm_mfence();
-    let tsc: u64 = arch_x86::_rdtsc();
-    arch_x86::_mm_mfence();
+    unsafe { arch_x86::_mm_mfence() };
+    let tsc: u64 = unsafe { arch_x86::_rdtsc() };
+    unsafe { arch_x86::_mm_mfence() };
     tsc
 }
 
 pub unsafe fn maccess<T>(p: *const T) {
-    ptr::read_volatile(p);
+    unsafe { ptr::read_volatile(p) };
 }
 
 // flush (cflush)
 pub unsafe fn flush(p: *const u8) {
-    arch_x86::_mm_clflush(p);
+    unsafe { arch_x86::_mm_clflush(p) };
 }
 
 pub fn noop<T>(_: *const T) {}
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/main.rs b/cache_utils/src/main.rs
index c4a7502..e938589 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/main.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/main.rs
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ struct Page {
 }
 */
 pub fn main() {
-    let m = MMappedMemory::new(SIZE, true);
+    let m = MMappedMemory::new(SIZE, true, |i| i as u8);
     let array = m.slice();
 
     let old = sched_getaffinity(Pid::from_raw(0)).unwrap();
diff --git a/cache_utils/src/mmap.rs b/cache_utils/src/mmap.rs
index dcc3b5c..fa307a5 100644
--- a/cache_utils/src/mmap.rs
+++ b/cache_utils/src/mmap.rs
@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 
 use core::borrow::{Borrow, BorrowMut};
 use core::ffi::c_void;
-use core::mem::size_of;
+use core::mem::{size_of, MaybeUninit};
 use core::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
+use core::ptr;
 use core::ptr::null_mut;
 use core::ptr::Unique;
 use core::slice::{from_raw_parts, from_raw_parts_mut};
@@ -19,14 +20,18 @@ use nix::sys::mman;
 #define HUGETLB_FLAG_ENCODE_1MB         (20 << HUGETLB_FLAG_ENCODE_SHIFT)
 #define HUGETLB_FLAG_ENCODE_2MB         (21 << HUGETLB_FLAG_ENCODE_SHIFT)
 */
-
+/** Safety issue : if T is non triviably constructable and destructable this is dangerous */
 pub struct MMappedMemory<T> {
     pointer: Unique<T>,
     size: usize,
 }
 
 impl<T> MMappedMemory<T> {
-    pub fn try_new(size: usize, huge: bool) -> Result<MMappedMemory<T>, nix::Error> {
+    pub fn try_new(
+        size: usize,
+        huge: bool,
+        initializer: impl Fn(usize) -> T,
+    ) -> Result<MMappedMemory<T>, nix::Error> {
         assert_ne!(size_of::<T>(), 0);
         if let Some(p) = unsafe {
             let p = mman::mmap(
@@ -46,14 +51,48 @@ impl<T> MMappedMemory<T> {
             let pointer_T = p as *mut T;
             Unique::new(pointer_T)
         } {
-            Ok(MMappedMemory { pointer: p, size })
+            let mut s = MMappedMemory { pointer: p, size };
+            for i in 0..s.size {
+                unsafe { ptr::write(s.pointer.as_ptr().add(i), initializer(i)) };
+            }
+            Ok(s)
         } else {
             Err(nix::Error::Sys(EINVAL))
         }
     }
-
-    pub fn new(size: usize, huge: bool) -> MMappedMemory<T> {
-        Self::try_new(size, huge).unwrap()
+    /*
+        pub fn try_new_uninit(
+            size: usize,
+            huge: bool,
+        ) -> Result<MMappedMemory<MaybeUninit<T>>, nix::Error> {
+            assert_ne!(size_of::<T>(), 0);
+            if let Some(p) = unsafe {
+                let p = mman::mmap(
+                    null_mut(),
+                    size * size_of::<T>(),
+                    mman::ProtFlags::PROT_READ | mman::ProtFlags::PROT_WRITE,
+                    mman::MapFlags::MAP_PRIVATE
+                        | mman::MapFlags::MAP_ANONYMOUS
+                        | if huge {
+                            mman::MapFlags::MAP_HUGETLB
+                        } else {
+                            mman::MapFlags::MAP_ANONYMOUS
+                        },
+                    -1,
+                    0,
+                )?;
+                let pointer_T = p as *mut T;
+                Unique::new(pointer_T)
+            } {
+                let mut s = MMappedMemory { pointer: p, size };
+                Ok(s)
+            } else {
+                Err(nix::Error::Sys(EINVAL))
+            }
+        }
+    */
+    pub fn new(size: usize, huge: bool, init: impl Fn(usize) -> T) -> MMappedMemory<T> {
+        Self::try_new(size, huge, init).unwrap()
     }
 
     pub fn slice(&self) -> &[T] {
@@ -67,6 +106,9 @@ impl<T> MMappedMemory<T> {
 
 impl<T> Drop for MMappedMemory<T> {
     fn drop(&mut self) {
+        for i in 0..self.size {
+            unsafe { ptr::drop_in_place(self.pointer.as_ptr().add(i)) };
+        }
         unsafe {
             mman::munmap(self.pointer.as_ptr() as *mut c_void, self.size).unwrap();
         }
diff --git a/covert_channels_evaluation/src/lib.rs b/covert_channels_evaluation/src/lib.rs
index 29df623..6240dac 100644
--- a/covert_channels_evaluation/src/lib.rs
+++ b/covert_channels_evaluation/src/lib.rs
@@ -165,13 +165,10 @@ pub fn benchmark_channel<T: 'static + Send + CovertChannel>(
     let old_affinity = set_affinity(&channel.main_core()).unwrap();
 
     let size = num_pages * PAGE_SIZE;
-    let mut m = MMappedMemory::new(size, false);
+    let mut m = MMappedMemory::new(size, false, |i| (i / PAGE_SIZE) as u8);
     let mut receiver_turn_handles = Vec::new();
     let mut transmit_turn_handles = Vec::new();
 
-    for i in 0..num_pages {
-        m.slice_mut()[i * PAGE_SIZE] = i as u8;
-    }
     let array: &[u8] = m.slice();
     for i in 0..num_pages {
         let addr = &array[i * PAGE_SIZE] as *const u8;
diff --git a/prefetcher_reverse/src/lib.rs b/prefetcher_reverse/src/lib.rs
index 5599a83..cedcd77 100644
--- a/prefetcher_reverse/src/lib.rs
+++ b/prefetcher_reverse/src/lib.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 #![deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]
-#![feature(const_generics)]
-#![feature(const_evaluatable_checked)]
 
 use crate::Probe::{Flush, FullFlush, Load};
 use basic_timing_cache_channel::{TopologyAwareError, TopologyAwareTimingChannel};
@@ -166,15 +164,14 @@ impl<const GS: usize> Prober<GS> {
         };
 
         for i in 0..num_pages {
-            let mut p = match MMappedMemory::<u8>::try_new(PAGE_LEN * GS, false) {
+            let mut p = match MMappedMemory::<u8>::try_new(PAGE_LEN * GS, false, |j| {
+                (j / CACHE_LINE_LEN + i * PAGE_CACHELINE_LEN) as u8
+            }) {
                 Ok(p) => p,
                 Err(e) => {
                     return Err(ProberError::NoMem(e));
                 }
             };
-            for j in 0..(PAGE_LEN * GS) {
-                p[j] = (i * PAGE_CACHELINE_LEN + j) as u8;
-            }
             let page_addresses = ((0..(PAGE_LEN * GS)).step_by(CACHE_LINE_LEN))
                 .map(|offset| &p[offset] as *const u8);
             let ff_page_handles = unsafe { ff_channel.calibrate(page_addresses.clone()) }.unwrap();